Pure Copper Coil/Strip

A pure copper coil or strip is a form of copper metal that has been rolled and drawn into a long, thin form. Pure copper, also referred to as electrolytic or cathode copper, typically carries a minimum copper content of 99.9%.

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The mechanical properties of pure copper (often designated as C11000 Electrolytic-Tough-Pitch copper, or ETP copper) are essential for determining how the material can be used effectively in different applications. Here are common mechanical properties of pure copper coils and strips:

Tensile Strength: Pure copper typically has a tensile strength in the range of 200 to 250 MPa (29,000 to 36,250 psi). The exact value can vary based on whether the copper is in a hardened or annealed state.
Yield Strength: The yield strength, which is the stress at which the material begins to deform plastically, is typically about half the tensile strength for pure copper.
Elongation: Copper is known for its high elongation, which means it can stretch considerably before it breaks. For annealed copper, elongation can be upwards of 45% in a length of 2 inches.
Hardness: The hardness of copper is measured on various scales, such as Brinell, Rockwell, and Vickers. For annealed copper, the Brinell hardness is typically around 40-50 HB. However, the properties can change with work hardening or annealing; work-hardened copper can reach a hardness of 100 HB or more.
Modulus of Elasticity: The modulus of elasticity, a measure of stiffness, is about 110-130 GPa (16-19 million psi) for copper. This is relatively low compared to steel, making copper less stiff and more ductile.
Fatigue Strength: Repeated cycling of load can cause failure at stress levels below the tensile strength; this is known as fatigue. Copper has a good fatigue strength. For example, it can withstand a stress of about 100 MPa (14,500 psi) for up to 10 million cycles of stress reversal.
Creep Resistance: Creep is the tendency of a material to deform permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses over time, particularly when exposed to heat. Copper has adequate creep resistance at typical ambient temperatures, but at high temperatures, its resistance to creep may decrease.

These mechanical properties make copper suitable for applications where good electrical and thermal conductivity are required, along with the ability to withstand bending and forming without breaking. For applications with more demanding mechanical requirements, copper alloys such as brasses or bronzes may be used because they have higher strength and hardness.

Pure copper coils are widely used across various industries due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, ductility, and relatively high resistance to corrosion. Here are some of the common applications:

Electrical Wiring and Components: The most common use of pure copper coils is in electrical wiring for residential, commercial, and industrial buildings due to its high electrical conductivity. Copper coils are also used in the production of electrical components such as transformers, motors, inductors, electromagnets, connectors, and relays.
Electronics: Pure copper's electrical properties make it ideal for use in printed circuit boards (PCBs), where it is used to create conductive paths, pads, and other elements.
Energy Production and Transmission: Copper coils are used in power generators, such as hydroelectric, solar, and wind turbines, due to their efficient power transmission capabilities. They are also key components in high-voltage transformers and substations.
Telecommunications: Copper is used in the telecommunications industry for constructing coils found in devices like inductors and transformers, as well as in the coaxial cables and twisted pairs used in broadband internet and telephone systems.
Automotive Industry: In the automotive sector, copper coils are used in the production of alternators, starter motors, and in electric vehicle (EV) motors due to their excellent conductivity.
Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration (HVAC/R): Copper coils are used in HVAC systems for heat exchange in condensers and evaporators due to their thermal conductivity.
Electromagnet Construction: Copper's non-magnetic property and high conductivity make it highly suitable for use in the creation of strong magnetic fields for electromagnets used in applications such as MRI machines and maglev trains.
Musical Instruments: Pure copper coils are used in certain musical instruments, like the French horn, for their acoustic properties.
Antimicrobial Applications: The antimicrobial properties of copper lead to its use in applications requiring hygiene, such as in medical facilities, food manufacturing, and public facilities (for example, copper tape used on surfaces to reduce the spread of germs).
Jewelry and Art: Copper's malleability, color, and finish make it a favorite material for artisans and jewelers, and it's often crafted into decorative pieces and artistic installations.
Research and Development: Copper coils are often employed in research laboratories, especially in physics experiments where they may be used to generate magnetic fields or act as sensors in experimental setups.

The versatile use of pure copper is a testament to its many favorable attributes, including its universally high demand in industry and technology. As advancements in technology and industry evolve, the applications for pure copper coil will likely continue to expand.

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Electrical Conductivity	Pure copper is one of the best conductors of electricity, which makes it the go-to material for electrical wires, coils, and connectors. It allows a high current flow without significant power losses, thus being highly efficient for conducting electricity.
Thermal Conductivity	Copper also has excellent thermal conductivity, which means it is very efficient at transferring heat. This property makes it ideal for use in heat sinks, radiators, air conditioning units, and other heat exchange applications.
Ductility and Malleability	Copper is ductile and malleable, meaning it can be stretched into thin wires and easily bent or shaped without breaking. This allows for the creation of copper coils and strips in various shapes and sizes to meet specific design requirements.
Corrosion Resistance	In typical environmental conditions, copper does not corrode easily. This makes copper strips and coils suitable for outdoor use and in environments such as marine or industrial settings where resistance to rust is important.
Recyclability	Copper is highly recyclable without any loss of properties, which conserves resources and is beneficial from an environmental perspective.
Tensile Strength	While pure copper is not as strong as many steel alloys, it has sufficient tensile strength to withstand the stretching and twisting it may encounter during installation and use.
Work Hardening	Copper hardens with work (bending, stretching, etc.), which can both be an advantage and a drawback. It becomes stronger with manipulation but also becomes less ductile.
Anti-Microbial Properties	Copper has inherent antimicrobial capabilities, killing bacteria and viruses on contact over a period of time. This is known as the oligodynamic effect.
Non-Magnetic	This is an important feature for applications requiring non-magnetic properties, such as electronic circuitry and equipment where magnetic fields can be an issue.
Melting Point	The relatively high melting point (about 1085°C) of copper makes it stable under most operating temperatures encountered in industrial processes.
Finish and Aesthetics	Copper's natural reddish-brown color and lustrous finish make it popular for decorative use in addition to its functional applications.
Softening Point	Copper becomes annealed (softens) at relatively low temperatures compared to steel, which may be advantageous when thermal treatments are needed for manufacturing.

Pure Copper Coil/Strip

Electrical Conductivity